The positioning accuracy of stage electric hoists can be affected by various factors such as mechanical, electrical, environmental, etc. The details are as follows: Mechanical Factors - **Wear of Transmission Components**: Transmission components such as chains, wire ropes, and gears will experience wear after long - term use. For example, an increase in the chain pitch, a decrease in the diameter of the wire rope, and wear of the gear tooth profile will lead to a decline in transmission accuracy. This causes phenomena such as slipping and jumping during the operation of the electric hoist, affecting the positioning accuracy. - **Installation Precision**: The installation quality of the electric hoist is of crucial importance. If the track is not level or straight during installation, or if the connection between the electric hoist and the track is not firm and there are gaps, it will deviate during operation and cannot accurately stop at the set position. - **Performance of Braking Device**: The braking gap of the braking device, the degree of wear of the brake pads, and the elasticity of the braking spring, etc., will all affect the braking effect. If the braking gap is too large, the braking response time will be prolonged; if the brake pads are severely worn, the braking force will be insufficient; if the elasticity of the braking spring decreases, it cannot provide sufficient braking force. All these will cause the electric hoist to have an overly long sliding distance or inaccurate positioning when stopping. - **Deformation of Mechanical Structure**: The mechanical structures such as the frame and support of the electric hoist may deform after long - term load - bearing or external force impact. The structural deformation will change the running track and stress state of the electric hoist, thus affecting the positioning accuracy. Electrical Factors - **Motor Performance**: The speed stability and torque output characteristics of the motor have a direct impact on the positioning accuracy. Faults such as short - circuit or open - circuit of the motor winding will cause abnormal motor speed, making it unable to operate at the set speed. Insufficient motor torque may lead to a decrease in speed or stalling when the load is large, preventing the electric hoist from accurately reaching the target position. - **Accuracy of Control System**: The accuracy and stability of the controller determine the control accuracy of the electric hoist. For example, if the program of the PLC controller is written unreasonably, the control algorithm is inaccurate, or the electronic components of the controller age or are damaged, it will cause delays and distortion in the transmission of control signals, resulting in inaccurate control of the starting, stopping, and running speed of the electric hoist, affecting the positioning accuracy. - **Accuracy of Limit Switch**: The limit switch is a key component for controlling the stroke and positioning of the electric hoist. If the installation position of the limit switch is inaccurate, its triggering sensitivity decreases, or its internal mechanical structure and electrical components are damaged, the electric hoist will not be able to stop accurately at the set position, resulting in over - travel or under - travel. Environmental Factors - **Temperature Changes**: In a high - temperature environment, the metal components of the electric hoist will expand, reducing the gaps between transmission components and increasing friction and resistance. In a low - temperature environment, the viscosity of the lubricating oil increases, which also affects the transmission efficiency and operational flexibility, thus affecting the positioning accuracy. - **Dust and Oil Pollution**: Dust and oil in the working environment will enter the transmission components and electrical components of the electric hoist. Dust will exacerbate component wear, and oil will affect the braking effect of the braking device. It may also cause problems such as short - circuits and poor contact of electrical components, thereby affecting the positioning accuracy. - **Vibration and Impact**: The performance equipment on the stage may generate vibrations and impacts, such as the vibration of audio equipment and the movement of stage machinery. These vibrations and impacts transmitted to the electric hoist will loosen its installation components, affecting its operational stability and positioning accuracy. Load Factors - **Load Weight**: When the load weight exceeds the rated load of the electric hoist, the running speed of the electric hoist will decrease, the braking distance will increase, and the positioning error will also increase. Even within the rated load range, different load weights will have a certain impact on the positioning accuracy because changes in the load will cause changes in the stress state of the electric hoist.

- **Load Center of Gravity Offset**: If the center of gravity of the load is not on the center line of the hook of the electric hoist, it will generate an eccentric torque during the operation of the electric hoist, causing the electric hoist to deviate on the track and affecting the positioning accuracy

Maintenance and Repair Factors - **Regular Maintenance**: If the electric hoist is not maintained as required in terms of time and requirements, such as failure to replace worn components in a timely manner, lubricate transmission components, or clean electrical components, the performance of the electric hoist will gradually decline, and the positioning accuracy will also be affected.

- **Repair Quality**: When the electric hoist fails and needs to be repaired, the technical level and repair quality of the maintenance personnel are directly related to whether the electric hoist can return to normal operation. Improper repairs, such as improper component installation and inaccurate debugging, will introduce new problems and deteriorate the positioning accuracy.